约 130 个核心科技相关词汇
本资料系统梳理了雅思考试中与“科技”话题密切相关的重点词汇，涵盖信息技术、人工智能、生物技术、环境科技、社会影响等多个维度。每个词条包含英文单词/短语、词性、英文释义、中文释义、用法介绍及中英双语例句，助力您在写作和口语中精准、流利地表达科技观点。
Digital [ adj.]
Relating to or using computer technology.
数字的，数码的 【修饰技术、时代、设备等。反义词：analog (模拟的)】
We live in a digital age where information is instantly accessible.
我们生活在一个信息即时可得的数字时代。
Analog[ adj.]
Relating to or using signals or information represented by a continuously variable physical quantity.
模拟的【与 digital 相对，指非数字信号】
Some audiophiles prefer the sound quality of analog records.
一些音响发烧友更喜欢模拟唱片的音质。
Revolutionize [ v. ]
To completely change the nature or character of something, especially in a way that improves it.
彻底改变，革新 【强调带来根本性、积极的变革】
The internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information.
互联网彻底改变了我们沟通和获取信息的方式。
Innovation [ n. ]
A new method, idea, product, etc.
创新
Technological innovation drives economic growth.
技术创新推动经济增长。
Innovative [ adj.]
Featuring new methods; advanced and original.
创新的，革新的 【修饰产品、设计、解决方案等】
The company is known for its innovative smartphone designs.
这家公司以其创新的智能手机设计而闻名。
Pioneer [ v./n. ]
(v.) to develop or be the first to use a new area or activity; (n.) a person who is among the first to explore or settle a new country or area.
(v.) 开创，开拓；(n.) 先驱，先锋
Several scientists pioneered the field of genetic engineering. (v.) / She is a pioneer in renewable energy research. (n.)
几位科学家开创了基因工程领域。(v.) / 她是可再生能源研究的先驱。(n.)
Breakthrough[ n. ]
A sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development.
突破，重大进展
The research team announced a major breakthrough in cancer treatment.
研究团队宣布了癌症治疗领域的一项重大突破。
Cutting-edge[ adj.]
New and highly advanced.
尖端的，前沿的 【修饰技术、研究、设备等】
The hospital uses cutting-edge medical technology.
这家医院使用尖端的医疗技术。
State-of-the-art [ adj.]
The most advanced stage of development; incorporating the most up-to-date ideas and features.
最先进的，一流的【与 cutting-edge 近义，强调当前最高水平】
The new laboratory is equipped with state-of-the-art research instruments.
新实验室配备了最先进的研究仪器。
Infrastructure[ n.]
The basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
基础设施 【在科技语境中常指网络、数据中心等】
Investing in digital infrastructure is crucial for a country's technological development.
投资数字基础设施对于一个国家的技术发展至关重要。
Bandwidth[ n.]
The capacity of a communication system to transmit data.
带宽
High-bandwidth connections are essential for streaming high-definition video.
高带宽连接对于流式传输高清视频至关重要。
Broadband[ n.]
High-speed internet access.
宽带
Many rural areas still lack reliable broadband access.
许多农村地区仍然缺乏可靠的宽带接入。
Connectivity[ n.]
The state of being connected.
连接性，连通性
Global connectivity has been enhanced by satellite technology.
卫星技术增强了全球连通性。
Network [ n.]
A group or system of interconnected people or things; a system of computers linked together.
网络
Social networks have transformed how people interact.
社交网络改变了人们的互动方式。
Interconnected[ adj. ]
(Of systems or networks) connected with one another.
互联的，相互连接的
The modern world is increasingly interconnected through technology.
现代世界通过技术日益互联。
Globalization [ n.]
The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
全球化【科技是推动全球化的重要力量】
Technology has accelerated the pace of globalization.
技术加速了全球化的步伐。
Remote[ adj. ]
Far away in distance; operating from a distance.
远程的，遥远的
Remote work has become more common with the rise of digital tools.
随着数字工具的兴起，远程工作变得更加普遍。
Telecommuting [ n.]
Working from home, especially by means of a computer linked to one's workplace.
远程办公，居家办公
Telecommuting offers flexibility but can blur the line between work and personal life.
远程办公提供了灵活性，但可能模糊工作与个人生活之间的界限。
Virtual [ adj. ]
Not physically existing as such but made by software to appear to do so.
虚拟的
Virtual meetings save time and travel costs.
虚拟会议节省了时间和差旅成本。
Cyberspace [ n.]
The notional environment in which communication over computer networks occurs.
网络空间
Cybersecurity is essential for protecting data in cyberspace.
网络安全对于保护网络空间中的数据至关重要。
Cloud Computing[ n.]
The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the internet to store, manage, and process data.
云计算
Cloud computing allows businesses to scale their IT resources easily.
云计算使企业能够轻松扩展其IT资源。
Data Storage[ n.]
The recording (storing) of information (data) in a storage medium.
数据存储
Advances in data storage technology have made it possible to store vast amounts of information.
数据存储技术的进步使得存储海量信息成为可能。
Big Data[ n.]
Extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations.
大数据
Big data analytics is used in fields like marketing and healthcare.
大数据分析被用于市场营销和医疗保健等领域。
Algorithm[ n.]
A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.
算法
Search engines use complex algorithms to rank websites.
搜索引擎使用复杂的算法对网站进行排名。
Coding[ n.]
The process of writing computer code.
编程，编码
Learning coding is becoming an essential skill for many jobs.
学习编程正成为许多工作的必备技能。
Programming[ n.]
The process of writing computer programs.
编程
She has a degree in computer science and specializes in programming.
她拥有计算机科学学位，并专攻编程。
Software[ n.]
The programs and other operating information used by a computer.
软件
The company develops specialized software for financial analysis.
该公司开发用于财务分析的专业软件。
Hardware[ n.]
The physical components of a computer system.
硬件
Regular maintenance can extend the lifespan of computer hardware.
定期维护可以延长计算机硬件的使用寿命。
User-friendly [ adj. ]
Easy to use or understand.
用户友好的
The new operating system is designed to be more user-friendly.
新操作系统旨在更易于使用。
Interface[ n.]
A point where two systems, subjects, organizations, etc., meet and interact.
界面，接口
The app has a simple and intuitive graphical user interface (GUI).
该应用程序具有简单直观的图形用户界面（GUI）。
Artificial Intelligence (AI) [ n.]
The theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence.
人工智能
AI is being used in applications ranging from self-driving cars to medical diagnosis.
人工智能正被应用于从自动驾驶汽车到医疗诊断的各种应用中。
Machine Learning (ML)[ n.]
A subset of AI that enables systems to learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed.
机器学习
Machine learning algorithms can identify patterns in large datasets.
机器学习算法可以识别大型数据集中的模式。
Neural Network[ n.]
A computer system modeled on the human brain and nervous system.
神经网络
Deep neural networks are powerful tools for image and speech recognition.
深度神经网络是图像和语音识别的强大工具。
Automation [ n.]
The use of largely automatic equipment in a system of manufacturing or other production processes.
自动化
Automation in factories has increased efficiency but reduced the need for manual labor.
工厂自动化提高了效率，但也减少了对人工劳动力的需求。
Automated[ adj. ]
Made to operate automatically.
自动化的
Automated systems can perform repetitive tasks with high precision.
自动化系统可以高精度地执行重复性任务。
Robotics[ n.]
The branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots.
机器人学
Advances in robotics are transforming industries like manufacturing and healthcare.
机器人学的进步正在改变制造业和医疗保健等行业。
Robot[ n.]
A machine capable of carrying out complex tasks automatically, especially one programmable by a computer.
机器人
Robots are used in space exploration to perform tasks too dangerous for humans.
机器人被用于太空探索，执行对人类来说过于危险的任务。
Autonomous [ adj. ]
(Of a machine, vehicle, etc.) existing or acting independently; self-governing.
自主的，自动的
Autonomous vehicles are expected to revolutionize transportation.
自动驾驶汽车有望彻底改变交通运输。
Self-driving Car [ n.]
A car that is capable of sensing its environment and operating without human involvement.
自动驾驶汽车
Testing self-driving cars on public roads raises safety concerns.
在公共道路上测试自动驾驶汽车引发了安全担忧。
Predictive [ adj.]
Predicting or able to predict the future or a future event.
预测性的
Predictive analytics can forecast customer behavior.
预测分析可以预测客户行为。
Simulation [ n.]
An imitation of a situation or process.
模拟
Pilots use flight simulators for training.
飞行员使用飞行模拟器进行训练。
Virtual Reality (VR)[ n.]
A simulated experience that can be similar to or completely different from the real world.
虚拟现实
VR technology is used in gaming, education, and therapy.
虚拟现实技术被用于游戏、教育和治疗。
Augmented Reality (AR) [ n.]
An enhanced version of reality created by using technology to overlay digital information on an image of something being viewed.
增强现实
AR apps can superimpose information onto the real world through a smartphone screen.
AR应用程序可以通过智能手机屏幕将信息叠加到现实世界中。
Chatbot [ n.]
A computer program designed to simulate conversation with human users, especially over the internet.
聊天机器人
Customer service chatbots can handle common inquiries 24/7.
客户服务聊天机器人可以全天候处理常见查询。
Biotechnology [n.]
The exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms.
生物技术
Biotechnology has led to the development of genetically modified crops.
生物技术导致了转基因作物的开发。
Genetic Engineering [n.]
The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.
基因工程
Genetic engineering holds promise for curing genetic diseases but raises ethical questions.
基因工程有望治愈遗传性疾病，但也引发了伦理问题。
Genome[n.]
The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
基因组
The Human Genome Project mapped the entire human genome.
人类基因组计划绘制了完整的人类基因组图谱。
DNA[n.]
Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes.
脱氧核糖核酸
DNA testing can be used for paternity testing and criminal investigations.
DNA检测可用于亲子鉴定和刑事调查。
Cloning [n.]
The process of producing genetically identical individuals.
克隆
Human cloning is widely considered unethical and is banned in most countries.
人类克隆被普遍认为不道德，并在大多数国家被禁止。
Stem Cell[n.]
An undifferentiated cell of a multicellular organism that is capable of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same type, and from which certain other cells can arise by differentiation.
干细胞
Stem cell research offers potential treatments for diseases like Parkinson's.
干细胞研究为帕金森病等疾病提供了潜在的治疗方法。
Medical Technology[n.]
Technology used to diagnose, treat, or prevent disease.
医疗技术
Advances in medical technology have improved patient outcomes.
医疗技术的进步改善了患者的治疗效果。
Prosthetic [adj./n.]
(adj.) Artificial; (n.) an artificial body part.
（adj.）假体的；（n.）假肢
Modern prosthetic limbs are lightweight and highly functional.
现代假肢轻便且功能强大。
Implant [n./v.]
(n.) an artificial device placed inside a person's body; (v.) to insert surgically.
(n.) 植入物；(v.) 植入
Cochlear implants can restore hearing for some deaf individuals. (n.) / The surgeon implanted a pacemaker. (v.)
人工耳蜗植入物可以为一些聋人恢复听力。(n.) / 外科医生植入了起搏器。(v.)
Telemedicine [ n. ]
The remote diagnosis and treatment of patients by means of telecommunications technology.
远程医疗
Telemedicine has expanded access to healthcare in remote areas.
远程医疗扩大了偏远地区获得医疗服务的机会。
Wearable Technology[ n. ]
Electronic devices that are worn as accessories, embedded in clothing, or implanted in the user's body.
可穿戴技术
Fitness trackers are a popular form of wearable technology.
健身追踪器是一种流行的可穿戴技术。
Precision Medicine [ n. ]
Medical treatment tailored to the individual characteristics of each patient.
精准医疗
Precision medicine aims to provide the right treatment to the right patient at the right time.
精准医疗旨在为合适的患者在合适的时间提供合适的治疗。
Renewable Energy[n.]
Energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power.
可再生能源
Investing in renewable energy is key to combating climate change.
投资可再生能源是应对气候变化的关键。
Sustainable Technology[n.]
Technology that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
可持续技术
Sustainable technology aims to minimize environmental impact.
可持续技术旨在将环境影响降至最低。
Green Technology[n.]
Technology designed to minimize or reduce negative impacts on the environment.
绿色技术
Green technology includes innovations in energy efficiency and waste reduction.
绿色技术包括在能源效率和废物减少方面的创新。
Clean Energy [n.]
Energy that does not produce harmful pollution, especially greenhouse gases.
清洁能源
Governments should promote the use of clean energy sources.
政府应推广清洁能源的使用。
Solar Power[n.]
Power derived from the energy of the sun.
太阳能
Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity.
太阳能电池板将阳光转化为电能。
Wind Power[n.]
Power derived from the wind using wind turbines.
风能
Wind farms are becoming a common sight in many countries.
风力发电场在许多国家变得司空见惯。
Hydropower[n.]
Power derived from the energy of moving water.
水力发电
Large dams generate hydropower but can disrupt ecosystems.
大坝产生水力发电，但可能破坏生态系统。
Geothermal Energy[n.]
Heat energy generated and stored in the Earth.
地热能
Iceland utilizes geothermal energy for heating and electricity.
冰岛利用地热能进行供暖和发电。
Biofuel[n.]
Fuel produced from living organisms, such as plants or algae.
生物燃料
Biofuels are considered a renewable alternative to fossil fuels.
生物燃料被认为是化石燃料的可再生替代品。
Electric Vehicle (EV)[ n.]
A vehicle powered by an electric motor using electrical energy stored in batteries.
电动汽车
The adoption of electric vehicles is increasing as battery technology improves.
随着电池技术的进步，电动汽车的采用率正在提高。
Hybrid Vehicle [ n.]
A vehicle powered by a combination of a conventional internal combustion engine and an electric motor.
混合动力汽车
Hybrid vehicles offer better fuel efficiency than traditional cars.
混合动力汽车比传统汽车具有更好的燃油效率。
Carbon Footprint[ n.]
The total amount of greenhouse gases produced to directly and indirectly support human activities.
碳足迹
Using public transportation can reduce your carbon footprint.
使用公共交通工具可以减少你的碳足迹。
Carbon Emissions[ n.]
The release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
碳排放
Reducing carbon emissions is crucial for mitigating global warming.
减少碳排放对于缓解全球变暖至关重要。
Mitigate [ v.]
To make less severe, serious, or painful.
减轻，缓解
Technology can help mitigate the effects of climate change.
技术可以帮助缓解气候变化的影响。
Environmental Monitoring[ n.]
The science and activity of monitoring environmental parameters.
环境监测
Satellite technology enables large-scale environmental monitoring.
卫星技术能够实现大规模环境监测。
Pollution Control [ n.]
Measures taken to reduce or eliminate pollution.
污染控制
Advanced filtration systems are used for air pollution control in factories.
工厂使用先进的过滤系统进行空气污染控制。
Digital Divide [n.]
The gap between those who have ready access to computers and the internet, and those who do not.
数字鸿沟
The digital divide can exacerbate existing social inequalities.
数字鸿沟会加剧现有的社会不平等。
Accessibility[n.]
The quality of being easy to obtain or use, especially regarding technology for people with disabilities.
可及性，可访问性
Designing accessible websites ensures everyone can use online services.
设计无障碍网站可确保每个人都能使用在线服务。
Inclusion[n.]
The action or state of including or of being included within a group or structure.
包容性
Technology should promote social inclusion, not exclusion.
技术应促进社会包容，而非排斥。
Dependence[n.]
Relying on someone or something for support, help, or supply.
依赖
Our dependence on technology for communication is growing.
我们对技术进行沟通的依赖正在增长。
Addiction[n.]
A condition of being physically or mentally dependent on a substance or activity.
上瘾，沉迷
Internet and smartphone addiction are growing concerns, especially among young people.
网络和智能手机成瘾是日益增长的担忧，尤其是在年轻人中。
Privacy[n.]
The state of being free from public attention or intrusion into one's affairs.
隐私
Protecting personal privacy online is a major challenge.
在线保护个人隐私是一个重大挑战。
Surveillance[n.]
Close observation, especially of a suspected spy or criminal.
监视，监控
Mass surveillance using facial recognition raises privacy issues.
使用面部识别技术的大规模监控引发了隐私问题。
Data Security[n.]
The protection of digital information from unauthorized access, corruption, or theft.
数据安全
Strong data security measures are essential for businesses.
强大的数据安全措施对企业至关重要。
Cybersecurity[n.]
The practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks.
网络安全
Cybersecurity threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated.
网络安全威胁正变得越来越复杂。
Hacking [ n.]
The activity of gaining unauthorized access to data in a system or computer.
黑客行为，黑客攻击
Hacking into government databases is a serious crime.
入侵政府数据库是一项严重犯罪。
Malware [ n.]
Software that is intended to damage or disable computers and computer systems.
恶意软件
Antivirus software helps protect against malware.
防病毒软件有助于防范恶意软件。
Phishing[ n.]
The fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies to induce individuals to reveal personal information.
网络钓鱼
Be cautious of phishing emails that ask for your password.
对要求提供密码的网络钓鱼邮件要保持警惕。
Misinformation[ n.]
False or inaccurate information, especially that which is deliberately intended to deceive.
错误信息
Social media can spread misinformation rapidly.
社交媒体可以迅速传播错误信息。
Disinformation[ n.]
Deliberately misleading information announced as news, used as a political instrument.
虚假信息
Governments may use disinformation campaigns to influence public opinion.
政府可能会使用虚假信息宣传活动来影响公众舆论。
Fake News[ n.]
False information that is spread, often through the internet, under the guise of being authentic news.
假新闻
Critical thinking is needed to identify fake news.
需要批判性思维来识别假新闻。
Automation Anxiety[ n.]
Worry or fear about losing one's job due to automation and AI.
自动化焦虑
Automation anxiety is a common concern among workers in routine jobs.
自动化焦虑是从事常规工作的工人中常见的担忧。
Job Displacement [ n.]
The phenomenon of workers losing their jobs, typically because their roles are automated.
岗位替代
While technology creates new jobs, it also causes job displacement in certain sectors.
虽然技术创造了新工作，但也导致某些行业的岗位替代。
Ethical [ adj.]
Relating to moral principles or the branch of knowledge dealing with right and wrong conduct.
伦理的，道德的
The development of AI raises many ethical questions.
人工智能的发展提出了许多伦理问题。
Ethics[ n.]
Moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity.
伦理，道德
Tech companies need to consider the ethics of their data collection practices.
科技公司需要考虑其数据收集实践的伦理问题。
Accountability[ n.]
The fact or condition of being accountable; responsibility.
问责制，责任
Ensuring accountability in AI decision-making is crucial.
确保人工智能决策的问责制至关重要。
Transparency[ n.]
The quality of being open and honest, especially about actions and policies.
透明度
Greater transparency in algorithmic processes is demanded by the public.
公众要求算法过程更加透明。
Bias [ n.]
Prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another.
偏见，偏差
AI systems can perpetuate societal bias if trained on biased data.
如果在有偏见的数据上进行训练，人工智能系统可能会延续社会偏见。
Surveillance Capitalism[ n.]
A market-driven process whereby human experience is commodified and used to generate profit.
监控资本主义
Critics argue that surveillance capitalism undermines privacy and autonomy.
批评者认为，监控资本主义破坏了隐私和自主性。
Emerging Technology[n.]
New and innovative technology that is currently developing or will be developed over the next few years.
新兴技术
Quantum computing is an emerging technology with vast potential.
量子计算是一种具有巨大潜力的新兴技术。
Futuristic[adj. ]
Characteristic of or predicted for the future.
未来的，具有未来感的
The city's skyline is filled with futuristic skyscrapers.
这座城市的天际线充满了具有未来感的摩天大楼。
Nanotechnology[n.]
The manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale.
纳米技术
Nanotechnology could revolutionize medicine by enabling targeted drug delivery.
纳米技术通过实现靶向药物输送，有望彻底改变医学。
Quantum Computing[n.]
A type of computing that uses quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data.
量子计算
Quantum computers have the potential to solve problems that are intractable for classical computers.
量子计算机有潜力解决经典计算机无法解决的问题。
Space Exploration[n.]
The investigation of outer space by means of space probes or manned spacecraft.
太空探索
Robotic missions are paving the way for future human space exploration.
机器人任务正在为未来的人类太空探索铺平道路。
Colonization [n.]
The establishment of a colony; in space context, settling on another planet.
（太空）殖民，定居
The idea of colonizing Mars is a topic of scientific and ethical debate.
火星殖民的想法是科学和伦理辩论的话题。
Internet of Things (IoT) [n.]
A network of physical objects—“things”—that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the internet.
物联网
The IoT connects everyday devices like thermostats and refrigerators to the internet.
物联网将恒温器和冰箱等日常设备连接到互联网。
Smart City[n.]
A city that uses information and communication technologies to enhance sustainability, efficiency, and quality of life.
智慧城市
Smart cities use data from sensors to optimize traffic flow and energy use.
智慧城市利用传感器数据优化交通流量和能源使用。
3D Printing[n.]
A process of making a solid object from a digital model by building it up in layers.
3D打印
3D printing is used to create prototypes, medical implants, and even houses.
3D打印用于创建原型、医疗植入物甚至房屋。
Bioprinting [ n.]
The use of 3D printing techniques to combine cells, growth factors, and biomaterials to fabricate biomedical parts.
生物打印
Bioprinting holds the promise of creating replacement organs for transplantation.
生物打印有望创造出用于移植的替代器官。
Human Enhancement [ n.]
The use of technology to improve human capabilities beyond what is necessary to sustain or restore good health.
人类增强
Human enhancement technologies, like brain-computer interfaces, raise profound ethical questions.
人类增强技术，如脑机接口，提出了深刻的伦理问题。
Singularity [ n.]
(In futurism) A hypothetical moment in the future when technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible, resulting in unforeseeable changes to human civilization.
（技术）奇点
Some futurists predict that artificial intelligence will trigger the singularity.
一些未来学家预测，人工智能将引发奇点。
主题化学习： 按照本资料的分类（IT、AI、生物技术、环境、社会影响、未来）进行学习，有助于构建知识体系。
理解而非死记： 重点理解词汇的英文释义和在例句中的用法，避免机械背诵中文意思。
主动输出： 用这些词汇就科技话题（如“AI对就业的影响”、“社交媒体的利弊”、“可再生能源的未来”）进行写作练习或口语模拟。
关注搭配： 特别注意动词与名词、形容词与名词的常见搭配（如 raise concerns, pose a threat, ethical implications, technological advancement），这能显著提升表达的地道性。
批判性思维： 科技话题常涉及利弊讨论。学习词汇的同时，思考其背后的伦理、社会和环境影响，这在雅思写作（Task 2）中至关重要。
拓展阅读：